Mediastinal ganglioneuromas are usually diagnosed in early ages. In advanced ages, its presentation is very rare, especially in the ages older than 40 years. We present a 51-year- old woman case with mediastinal ganglioneuroma associated with scoliosis. Ganglioneuroma may provoke scoliosis as it occurred in childhood, or scoliosis may provoke ganglioneuroma development. However, it is possible to claim none of them in our case. At least, co-existence of neurogenic tumors such as ganglioneuroma should be considered in the presence of progressive and persistence back pain in a case with scoliosis.